foundry

//! tile [N] -- draw a tiling-window-manager mock-up on /dev/fb0.
//!
//!   tile       4 "windows" in a dwindle layout, the text console in the first
//!   tile 6     1 to 6 windows
//!   tile -r    give the text console the whole screen back
//!
//! A hint of the compositor planned for later (think Hyprland): a gradient
//! wallpaper, windows with gaps between them and a border, the focused one
//! cyan. The "windows" are only coloured rectangles, except the first one,
//! which is where the kernel's text console moves to (FB_SET_CONSOLE), so
//! the shell keeps working inside it.
//!
//! How it talks to the framebuffer (no mmap yet, so no direct pointer):
//!   ioctl(FB_GET_INFO)     width, height, bytes per row, bits per pixel
//!   lseek + write          raw 0x00RRGGBB pixels (the wallpaper rows)
//!   ioctl(FB_FILL)         fill a rectangle with one colour (fast)
//!   ioctl(FB_FLUSH)        send the changed part to the screen
#![no_std]
#![no_main]

#[macro_use]
#[path = "ulib.rs"]
mod ulib;

extern crate alloc;
use alloc::vec;
use alloc::vec::Vec;
use ulib::*;

const GAP: u32 = 10; // space between windows and around the screen edge
const BORDER: u32 = 3;
const ACTIVE: u32 = 0x33ccff; // focused window border (cyan)
const INACTIVE: u32 = 0x595959; // the other borders (gray)
/// Window contents: soft pastels (the first window is the console).
const COLORS: [u32; 5] = [0x89b4fa, 0xa6e3a1, 0xf9e2af, 0xf38ba8, 0xcba6f7];

#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct Rect {
    x: u32,
    y: u32,
    w: u32,
    h: u32,
}

fn main() -> i64 {
    let fd = open("/dev/fb0", 0);
    if fd < 0 {
        eprintln!("tile: /dev/fb0: {} (no virtio-gpu?)", strerror(fd));
        return 1;
    }
    let status = match arg(1) {
        Some("-r") => reset(fd),
        Some(n) => match n.parse::<usize>() {
            Ok(n @ 1..=6) => draw(fd, n),
            _ => {
                eprintln!("usage: tile [1-6] | tile -r");
                2
            }
        },
        None => draw(fd, 4),
    };
    close(fd);
    status
}

fn reset(fd: i64) -> i64 {
    let r = ioctl(fd, FB_SET_CONSOLE, 0);
    if r < 0 {
        eprintln!("tile: {}", strerror(r));
        return 1;
    }
    println!("console: full screen, {}x{} characters", r >> 16, r & 0xffff);
    0
}

fn draw(fd: i64, n: usize) -> i64 {
    let mut info = [0u32; 4];
    if ioctl(fd, FB_GET_INFO, info.as_mut_ptr() as u64) < 0 {
        eprintln!("tile: FB_GET_INFO failed");
        return 1;
    }
    let [width, height, stride, _bpp] = info;
    wallpaper(fd, width, height, stride);

    let screen = Rect { x: GAP, y: GAP, w: width - 2 * GAP, h: height - 2 * GAP };
    let windows = dwindle(screen, n);
    for (i, &win) in windows.iter().enumerate() {
        fill(fd, win, if i == 0 { ACTIVE } else { INACTIVE });
        let inside = shrink(win, BORDER);
        if i > 0 {
            fake_content(fd, inside, COLORS[(i - 1) % COLORS.len()]);
        }
    }
    let flush = [0, 0, width, height];
    ioctl(fd, FB_FLUSH, flush.as_ptr() as u64);

    // Move the console into window 0 (inside its border).
    let c = shrink(windows[0], BORDER);
    let r = ioctl(fd, FB_SET_CONSOLE, [c.x, c.y, c.w, c.h].as_ptr() as u64);
    if r < 0 {
        eprintln!("tile: FB_SET_CONSOLE: {}", strerror(r));
        return 1;
    }
    println!("tile: {} windows on {}x{}, console {}x{}", n, width, height, r >> 16, r & 0xffff);
    0
}

/// Split the screen like a "dwindle" layout: each window takes half of
/// what is left, alternating left|right and top/bottom splits.
fn dwindle(mut area: Rect, n: usize) -> Vec<Rect> {
    let mut out = Vec::new();
    for i in 0..n {
        if i + 1 == n {
            out.push(area); // the last window gets the rest
            break;
        }
        if i % 2 == 0 {
            let w = (area.w - GAP) / 2;
            out.push(Rect { w, ..area });
            area = Rect { x: area.x + w + GAP, w: area.w - w - GAP, ..area };
        } else {
            let h = (area.h - GAP) / 2;
            out.push(Rect { h, ..area });
            area = Rect { y: area.y + h + GAP, h: area.h - h - GAP, ..area };
        }
    }
    out
}

/// A vertical gradient, written 8 rows (32 KiB) at a time with lseek +
/// write. (Programs only have a 64 KiB heap until mmap exists.)
fn wallpaper(fd: i64, width: u32, height: u32, stride: u32) {
    const ROWS: u32 = 8;
    let mut buf = vec![0u8; (stride * ROWS) as usize];
    for y0 in (0..height).step_by(ROWS as usize) {
        let rows = ROWS.min(height - y0);
        for dy in 0..rows {
            let color = gradient(y0 + dy, height).to_le_bytes();
            let row = &mut buf[(dy * stride) as usize..][..(width * 4) as usize];
            row.chunks_exact_mut(4).for_each(|px| px.copy_from_slice(&color));
        }
        lseek(fd, (y0 * stride) as i64, SEEK_SET);
        write(fd, &buf[..(rows * stride) as usize]);
    }
}

/// Dark blue at the top to purple at the bottom.
fn gradient(y: u32, height: u32) -> u32 {
    let mix = |a: u32, b: u32| a + (b - a) * y / height;
    mix(0x1e, 0x50) << 16 | mix(0x1e, 0x2a) << 8 | mix(0x2e, 0x78)
}

/// Fill a window with `color` and draw some darker bars, like lines of text.
fn fake_content(fd: i64, r: Rect, color: u32) {
    fill(fd, r, color);
    let dark = (color >> 1) & 0x7f7f7f; // every channel halved
    let mut y = r.y + 16;
    let mut line = 0;
    while y + 6 < r.y + r.h - 8 {
        let w = (r.w - 32) * [9, 6, 8, 4, 7][line % 5] / 10;
        fill(fd, Rect { x: r.x + 16, y, w, h: 6 }, dark);
        y += 16;
        line += 1;
    }
}

fn shrink(r: Rect, by: u32) -> Rect {
    Rect { x: r.x + by, y: r.y + by, w: r.w - 2 * by, h: r.h - 2 * by }
}

fn fill(fd: i64, r: Rect, color: u32) {
    ioctl(fd, FB_FILL, [r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h, color].as_ptr() as u64);
}